- Pronoun
Pronoun is a word which takes the place of noun in a sentence (Kata yang berperan sebagai kata benda dalam suatu kalimat).
Personal
Pronouns are used instead of repeating the names of
people (Digunakan untuk mengganti pengulangan nama orang). Following is the list of personal pronoun as subject and possessive
adjective :
|
|
Subjective
|
Possessive Adjective
|
||
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
First Person |
I
|
We
|
My
|
Our
|
Second
Person
|
You
|
You
|
Your
|
Your
|
|
Third
Person
|
He
She
It
|
They
|
His
Her
It
|
Their
|
Examples (Contoh) :
She wrote a
letter to her brother in Paris.
We invited them
to come to my party
Pronoun (Kata Ganti Orang)
I me my mine myself
They them their theirs themselves
We us our ours ourselves
You you your yours yourself-selves
He him his his himself
She her her hers herself
It it its its itself
Example
:
I myself want to prepare my examination in Medical Institute.
- Relative
Pronoun (Kata Ganti Orang Penghubung)
Relative Pronoun : Kata ganti penghubung 2 kalimat (who, whom, whose, which).
Example of
relative pronoun for people/human (whom, who, whose):
Who : He is the
man who work in that medical clinic.
Whom : He is the man whom I talked to
yesterday
Whose : He is the man whose wife is the a midwife in birth center.
Example
of relative pronoun for non-person/things/place :
Which : We need
some papers which are used for the meeting
When : I don’t know when you will
visit the patient
Where : She don’t know where you live in
this city.
What : They will not understand what
to do
How : Anita doesn’t think how to
come there
- Conditional
Conditional : Kalimat pengandaian / perumpamaan dari kejadian yang sebenarnya
Type
1 (Real Conditional)
Formula : If + simple present, S + will/shall
+ V1 + Object/Adverb
Example : If she come early, she will not come late
Type
2 (Unreal Conditional)
Formula : If + past tense, S + would/should +
V1 + Object/Adverb
Example : If she came this morning, she would
not come late
Fact : She doesn’t come in the morning, so she
comes late
Type
3 (Impossible Conditional)
Formula : If + past perfect, S + would/should
+ have + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example : If she had come since two days ago,
she would not have come late.
Fact : She didn’t come two days ago, so she came
late
- Gerund
Gerund : Verb-ing (kata kerja bentuk ing) yang berfungsi sebagai kata
benda.
Fungsi Gerund
antara lain :
a.
Subject : Reading
health magazine is
my hobby.
b.
Subjunctive Complement : My hobbies are reading and singing.
c.
Object of Preposition : I am tired of working in that clinic.
d.
Direct Object : John and Christ enjoy dancing.
- Reading
TRADITIONAL MIDWIVES
In Indonesia, where a
large percentage of the population lives in rural areas, the traditional midwife
or dukun is essential in the field of obstetrics. Means to further her
knowledge and improve her skills so that the population at large may benefit
are discussed. Indonesia consists of more than 3000 islands. The population is
136.6 million with an annual growth rate of 2.4%. The birth rate is between
30-40/1000; 51.5% of the population is under 20. Average life expectancy is 50
years; the infant mortality rate is 137/1000. 19% of the population is urban;
80% is rural. There are 11,000 people per doctor. There are 14,500 midwives and
150,000 traditional midwives called "dukuns." Of the traditional
midwives, 130,000 have completed a course in sepsis and asepsis, which gave the
technical knowledge to handle certain complications in pregnancy during labor and
the puerperium. Kits are supplied by UNICEF to the dukun who has completed the
course. Most births are home deliveries. In Jakarta, 40% deliveries are by
dukuns; 20% are by midwives or auxiliary midwives. The art of communication is
better managed by traditional midwives who live in the same region with the
people they serve. There are about 7000 Maternity and Child Health centers
where antenatal care is carried out by midwives. Normal deliveries are attended
by the midwives. The duties and tasks of the midwives were outlined by the 7th
National Congress of the Indonesian Midwives Association in June, 1975 which
recommended that midwives should supervise care of lactating mothers and
children up to age 5.
Exercises :
- Translate
the above reading into Bahasa Indonesia!
- Read
the above texts after you hear from the speaker!
- Give
underlines for the usages of pronoun, relative
pronoun, conditional and gerund that you know!
